Yiddish #2

Again, a disclaimer that I'm a high school student and a native speaker of Yiddish, not a professional Yiddish teacher. If you know Yiddish from home, you might conjugate things a bit differently, or use different words than the ones written here. Feel free to challenge me on something.

OK, now that you've got down your basics, we can start with some conjugations. A conjugation means how words change based on other factors in a sentence. For example, you would say "She goes swimming," but "they go swimming." The ends of the words change based, in this case, on the subject of the sentence. It works the same way in Yiddish.
So let's see how you conjugate a verb in Yiddish. Most verbs in Yiddish are conjugated (in the present tense) in the same way, which we will cover next lesson, except for one verb that we will be covering this lesson: זײַן, zayn, to be. This is how it's conjugated:
איך בין | Ikh bin. | I am.
דו ביסט | Du bist. | You are.
ער/זי/עס איז | Er/Zi/Es iz. | He/She/It is.
מיר/זײ זײַנען | Mir/Zey zaynen. | We/They are.
איר זײַט | Ir zayt. | You are. (This is either the plural "you" or the respectful "you.")

Let's see some examples:
דאָס בוך איז גרויס | Dos bukh iz groys. | The book is big.
פֿאַר װאָס בין איך הונגעריק | Far vos bin ikh hungerik? | Why am I hungry? (Yes, I meant to say that.)
דו ביסט זײער הויך | Du bist zeyer hoykh. | You are very tall.
איר זײַט גרײט | Ir zayt greyt. | You (pl.) are ready.

So now that you've seen how to put together some basic sentences (the sentence structure so far is identical to English) using the pronouns and conjugations of זײַן/zayn, to be, why don't you check out these adjectives and see if you can do it for yourself:
גרויס/קלײן | groys/kleyn | big/small
גוט/שלעכט | gut/shlekht | good/bad
הויך/נידעריק | hoykh/niderik | tall/short (in height)
לאַנג/קורץ | lang/kurts | long/short (in length)

And how about some nouns so you can be creative:
דער מאַן | der man | man
די פֿרוי | di froy | woman
דאָס ייִנגל | dos yingl | boy
דאָס מײדל | dos meydl | girl
דער טאָג | der tog | day
די נאַכט | di nakht | night
דאָס בוך | dos bukh | book
דאָס ליד | dos lid | song
Note about the pronouns: every noun in Yiddish has a gender, and therefore an article (such as "the" in English): די/di/the (f.), דער/der/the (m.), or דאָס/dos/the (diminutive or neuter). But don't freak out - we'll talk about this in later lessons. For now, don't worry so much about it, but I will provide the article for every noun I write so you can use it correctly in sentences.

Start conjugating verbs!